unit 4 / lesson 10

Beginner Review 02: Place, Action, Time, and Description

Review Lessons 05-08 with cumulative practice in relation phrases, action, objects, time, plans, descriptions, and source phrases.

spaced review

grammar return practice

11 patterns due

Start here before the new lesson work. These earlier patterns are deliberately returning in a later lesson.

sixth later lesson / from unit 2 / lesson 4

Questions, Short Answers, and Repair

Use the pattern in a short dialogue, paragraph, translation, or project answer without looking back.

• content question words
• final ya for yes-no questions
• question-word placement
• repair phrases
• short answers

third later lesson / from unit 3 / lesson 7

Time Words, Memory, and Future Intention

Mix this pattern with the current lesson's main form so retrieval happens in a new context.

• an for future intention
• or for completed manifest event
• simple plan statements
• time words after the clause
• um for remembered past
• yari time questions

beginner vocabulary load

cumulative vocabulary limit

within limit

new terms

0

cumulative

86

limit

90

remaining

4

The Beginner course keeps a running vocabulary cap so learners can practice the sentence engine without uncontrolled word growth.

new in this lesson

No new vocabulary. This page recycles already introduced Beginner terms.

vocabulary

lesson vocabulary

55 items

• e
• el
• an
• or
• um
• li
• na
• en
• al
• te
• ya
• sha
• yano
• yava
• yari
• mi
• ti
• si
• nai
• tio
• sio
• noa
• yare
• yair
• sannoa
• vao
• huno
• namo
• teno
• alo
• name
• hune
• lune
• nelo
• vae
• ore
• some
• kame
• venlune
• rine
• rinum
• rinan
• rino
• rinve
• mino
• eli
• elen
• teeli
• kai
• lumo
• niva
• miri
• neli
• haia
• luni

grammar

lesson patterns

14 patterns

• location with en
• direction and wanting with li
• source with na
• route and means with al
• with and possession with te
• present action with el
• object order
• time words
• an future intention
• um memory
• or completed action
• predicate qualities
• compact modifiers
• source phrases

pronunciation

pronunciation practice

9 cues

sound focus

• e eh clear e; do not reduce it

say these words

1. el ehl /ˈel/
2. an ahn /ˈan/
3. or ohr /ˈoɾ/
4. um oom /ˈum/
5. li lee /ˈli/
6. na nah /ˈna/
7. en ehn /ˈen/
8. al ahl /ˈal/

speaking routine

1. Say each form once slowly, keeping every written vowel audible.
2. Repeat the list at normal speed without changing the vowel quality.
3. Use two words in a short sentence and keep first-syllable stress stable.

translation

translation drill

8 prompts

1. Kai to English Mi en noa.
2. Kai to English Ti el yare li yava?
3. Kai to English Mi el yare al vao.
4. Kai to English Namo te mi.
5. Kai to English Mi el name namo rine.
6. Kai to English Ti sha el hune huno.
7. Kai to English Nai an venlune rinan.
8. Kai to English Mi um yare rinum.

listening

listening practice

2 audio sources

Beginner dialogue audio

Short call-and-response exchanges for first-course listening practice.

source text beginner dialogue

1. Listen once without the source text and follow the speaker turns.
2. Replay and shadow three short Kai lines aloud.
3. Write two lines from dictation, then check the source text.

listening comprehension

1. 01
   In BD001, what does speaker A ask after the greeting? catch the first yes-no question

   answer

   Ti en noa ya?

2. 02
   What answer confirms that speaker B is in noa? recognize a positive identity answer

   answer

   Sai. Mi en noa.

3. 03
   What question about huno repeats in every beginner dialogue? hear a repeated desire question

   answer

   Ti li huno ya?

4. 04
   How does speaker B answer when they want huno? hear a positive want statement

   answer

   Sai, mi li huno.

5. 05
   Across BD001-BD005, which five words follow en in speaker A's first question? track the changing keyword

   answer

   noa, namnoa, lunnoa, kamnoa, sannoa.

Core 1,000 word audio

High-frequency Common Kai words with teaching pronunciations.

source text word recognition

1. Pick ten lesson vocabulary items and listen for them in the word list.
2. Write the Kai spelling before checking the source text.
3. Repeat the ten words aloud in short two-word groups.

review

review checklist

1 checklist / 5 items

Self-Assessment

• I can choose li, na, en, al, and te in simple sentences. yes / not yet
• I can write present action with el and correct object order. yes / not yet
• I can use an, um, and or without treating them as identical English tense markers. yes / not yet
• I can describe a person or place with e, compact modifiers, and na. yes / not yet
• I can write a short practical paragraph in Common Kai. yes / not yet

answers

structured answer key

1 section / 42 answers

Answer Key 42 answers

• 1 en
• 2 li
• 3 na
• 4 al
• 5 te
• 6 te
• 7 al
• 8 li
• 9 el
• 10 an
• 11 um
• 12 or
• 13 rinve
• 14 rine
• 15 rinan
• 16 rinum
• 17 I am at home / in the place.
• 18 Where are you going?
• 19 I am going through the door.
• 20 I have food. Literal: food is with me.
• 21 I am eating food now.
• 22 You are not drinking water.
• 23 We here will discuss later.
• 24 I remember going before.
• 25 Your home is safe.
• 26 my safe home / safe place of me.
• 27 Light from Kai is meaningful.
• 28 Where is the safe home / place?
• 29 Mi en sannoa.
• 30 Ti el yare li noa.
• 31 Mi el yare al vao.
• 32 Namo te mi.
• 33 Mi el vae teno li ti.
• 34 Nai el venlune rine.
• 35 Mi el kame rinve.
• 36 Ti an yare rinan.
• 37 Mi um name namo rinum.
• 38 Si or yare li noa rinum.
• 39 Noa na mi e niva.
• 40 Teeli neli na ti en noa.
• 41 Mino e yano?
• 42 Nai an yare yari?

Objectives

• Choose the right relation particle: li, na, en, al, or te.
• Build present action sentences with el.
• Keep direct objects after predicates and before relation phrases.
• Use rine, rinum, rinan, rinve, and rino clearly.
• Use an, um, and or for future intention, memory, and completed events.
• Describe people, places, and things with e, compact modifiers, and na.

How to Use This Review

This review assumes that you can already ask basic questions and repair conversation. Work in three passes:

1. Answer from memory.
2. Check the answer key.
3. Rewrite every missed item as a new Kai sentence.

Core Patterns

Reading Passage

Read the passage and notice how each sentence adds one clear relation or time meaning.

The second line is intentionally tricky. el is current process; rinan can still point later, but for a clean future sentence, use an.

Review Notes

Do not use e for location:

Mi en noa. = I am at home.

Do not put relation phrases before the object:

Mi el vae teno li ti. = I am giving the object to you.

Use an for planned future:

Nai an yare rinan. = We will go later.

Use um when memory matters:

Mi um yare rinum. = I remember going before.

Use or when completion matters:

Mi or yare rinum. = I went before.

Practice

A. Choose the Relation Particle

Fill the blank with li, na, en, al, or te.

1. Mi ___ noa. = I am at home / in the place.
2. Mi el yare ___ sannoa. = I am going to the clinic.
3. Noa ___ mi. = my home.
4. Mi el yare ___ yair. = I am going by the path.
5. Huno ___ ti. = You have water.
6. Mi el yare ___ ti. = I am going with you.
7. Mi el ore teno ___ alo. = I am making the object with a tool.
8. Mi el vae teno ___ ti. = I am giving the object to you.

B. Choose the Aspect or Time Word

Fill the blank with el, an, um, or, rine, rinum, rinan, or rinve.

1. Mi ___ name namo rine. = I am eating food now.
2. Nai ___ yare li noa rinan. = We will go home later.
3. Mi ___ yare li noa rinum. = I remember going home before.
4. Si ___ yare rinum. = They went before.
5. Mi el kame ___. = I work regularly.
6. Ti el name namo ___. = You are eating food now.
7. Mi an hune huno ___. = I will drink water later.
8. Ti um venlune ___. = You remember discussing before.

C. Translate Kai to English

1. Mi en noa.
2. Ti el yare li yava?
3. Mi el yare al vao.
4. Namo te mi.
5. Mi el name namo rine.
6. Ti sha el hune huno.
7. Nai an venlune rinan.
8. Mi um yare rinum.
9. Noa na ti e niva.
10. noa niva na mi
11. Lumo na kai e luni.
12. Noa niva en yava?

D. Write in Kai

1. I am at the clinic.
2. You are going home.
3. I am going through the door.
4. I have food.
5. I am giving the object to you.
6. We here are discussing now.
7. I work regularly.
8. You will go later.
9. I remember eating food before.
10. They went home before.
11. My home is safe.
12. Your honest friend is in the place.
13. What is the plan?
14. When will we go?

E. Writing Task

Write a five-sentence Kai paragraph about a practical day. Include:

• one location sentence with en
• one direction sentence with li
• one action with an object
• one future plan with an
• one description with e or na

Answer Key

Writing model: Mi en noa rine. / Mi el yare li sannoa. / Mi el hune huno. / Nai an venlune rinan. / Noa na mi e niva.

1. en
2. li
3. na
4. al
5. te
6. te
7. al
8. li
9. el
10. an
11. um
12. or
13. rinve
14. rine
15. rinan
16. rinum
17. I am at home / in the place.
18. Where are you going?
19. I am going through the door.
20. I have food. Literal: food is with me.
21. I am eating food now.
22. You are not drinking water.
23. We here will discuss later.
24. I remember going before.
25. Your home is safe.
26. my safe home / safe place of me.
27. Light from Kai is meaningful.
28. Where is the safe home / place?
29. Mi en sannoa.
30. Ti el yare li noa.
31. Mi el yare al vao.
32. Namo te mi.
33. Mi el vae teno li ti.
34. Nai el venlune rine.
35. Mi el kame rinve.
36. Ti an yare rinan.
37. Mi um name namo rinum.
38. Si or yare li noa rinum.
39. Noa na mi e niva.
40. Teeli neli na ti en noa.
41. Mino e yano?
42. Nai an yare yari?

Self-Assessment

Next Step

Next you will take the Beginner final assessment with reading, writing, translation, and dialogue tasks.